MALACHITE, TURQUOISE, EARRING, GLASS, MOTHER OF PEARL IN THE JEWELRY OF UKRAINE IN THE 1950S – 1970S.

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to analyze the use of malachite, turquoise, carnelian, glass, mother-of-pearl in Ukrainian jewelry of the 1950s – 1970s, to investigate the specifics of the development of activities during individual artistic workshops of Ukraine at that time, which specialized in the manufacture of costume jewelry and inexpensive jewelry with gems and inserts of colored glass and mother-of-pearl. The main idea of the research is focused on the specifics of working conditions, exhibition activities and the system of rewards and incentives for artists of the given period. The toolkit of the research will be based on the chronological principle, art critic, designer and managerial-production approaches, axiological, ontological, hermeneutic, cross-cultural, socio-cultural, historical- genetic, historical-comparative (comparative), typological and method of art analysis. Among the important tasks of the research - visualization of the specifics of the procurement mechanism by the Ministry of Culture or the Union of Artists of Ukraine; delineating the connection of jewelers from the 1950s to the 1970s with glass, crystal, and porcelain factories (where there were metalworking workshops) as a line of development within which certain titles could be obtained. The importance of artistic councils in production processes and approval of product samples before circulation or mass production) with appropriate certification) is revealed. Examples of production of industrial samples of foreign productions, in which copyright and intellectual rights were not particularly paid attention to, are given. The appeal of domestic jewelers in the 1950s – 1970s to various types of metalworking by amateur artists is noted. An assortment of professional jewelers who worked with malachite and turquoise was identified. The origin of these stones and their cost in the specified period of time have been clarified. The focus is on the appeal of jewelry- making artists to the specified type of jewelry-making stones and the exhibition of their finished products within the framework of exhibitions organized by the Hudfond. The place of these gems is visualized next to corals and balamuts.Attention is drawn to artistically selected searches of domestic professional jewelry artists and amateur craftsmen.