PIECES IN ART GLASS AND AS DECORATIONS OF HUTSUL CARVED PRODUCTS OF THE LATE 19TH – EARLY 21ST CENTURIES

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of the use of the term «patsyorki» in woodcarving and art glass of Ukraine in view of the existence of products with inlay and individual traditional decorations with this name. The origin of the specified definition, the spread of the use of this nomen in the products of Ukrainian masters of the Hutsul region, who exhibited them in Krakow and at exhibitions of Austria-Hungary from the end of the 19th century, are considered. It was found that the spread of beads should be associated with the popularity of blown-bead and beadwork in European countries, originating from Italian Venice (Murano Island), as well as the Czech Republic, Germany and Poland (the center of the Sudetenland, otherwise the Krkonoše-Jesenie Subprovince in northeastern Bohemia, northern Moravia and Silesia of the Czech Republic, southeastern Saxony of Germany, the Opole and Lower Silesian Voivodeships of Poland). The semantic field of the lexemes «pastor», «patsora», «patsorki», «patsirki», «patsyurki» has been clarified in accordance with the definition from the Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language by Boris Grinchenko. The use of beads in the inlay of artistic woodcarving products of the Hutsul region and the specifics of the use of blown-glass beads in Ukrainian traditional costumes of the western regions of Ukraine have been revealed. The spread of the introduction of glass and plastic elements in the inlay technique to the decoration of wooden works of the Hutsul region of the early 21st century (caskets, hatchets, etc.) is illustrated. The origin of the tradition of decorating Christmas trees with glass balls and garlands of blown "balls" is described. The main idea of the study is based on defining the essence of the term «pearls» and the spread of independent products and their elements in the national art of the western regions of Ukraine, primarily the Hutsul region. The research methodology is based on the historical-genetic, cultural-creative, typological method and art- historical analysis. Among the key tasks of the study, it is worth mentioning the search for sources of inspiration for pearls in Ukrainian decorative and applied art of the 19th – early 21st centuries; specifying the names of leading masters who turned to the execution of works of this group of glass or wooden inlaid products. Examples of classical patterns of works consisting of beads are given.