THE INFLUENCE OF STUDYING IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES ON THE PAINTING OF A. MANEVICH, M. TKACHENKO, S. KOSTENKO M. BASHKIRTSEVA

Abstract

The article examines the changes in the paintings of Ukrainian artists before and after studying in European cultural centers, by the example of Ukrainian painters – Abram Manevich, who studied in Munich from 1905– 1906 at the School of Anton Ashbe; Mykhailo Tkachenko, who studied in Paris, in Kormon Academy of Arts in 1888–1892; Serhiy Kostenko studied in Paris, at the Julien Academy of Arts in 1893; Maria Bashkirtseva, who first studied in Rome, at the Academy of Saint Luke in 1876, and then in Paris, at the Julien Academy of Arts from 1877. So, it had a considerable impact on the creative achievements of the artists listed above. At the Paris Salon in 1904, Mykhailo Tkachenko exhibited the canvas «Abandoned Tatar Cemetery. Crimea» and at the Salon of 1907, he exhibited two Ukrainian landscapes, «Shadows are approaching» and «It is snowing. Ukraine». In 1907 he presented «The Intercession Monastery in Kharkiv» at the Great Salon, where he held a personal exhibition in Paris and featured 62 paintings and dozens of sketches. In 1910 he took part in the Paris Salon again. In 1907 in Munich, Abram Manevich participated in the «Secession» exhibition; in Vienna in 1908, at the Spring Salon, on the Field of Mars, he exhibited with two canvases: «The Jewish Town» and «October» and in 1913 he already held a personal exhibition at the Durand-Ruel gallery in Paris. Serhiy Kostenko took part in the Salon on the Field of Mars in 1894 with the canvas «At the Menagerie». Maria Bashkirtseva was awarded a gold medal at the competition in 1879 and participated in the Paris Salon in 1880, 1881, 1882, and 1884; after her tragic death, some of her works were bought by the Luxembourg museum, and some remained in the Louvre. So, in conclusion, the successes mentioned above at such prestigious world-class exhibition events confirm the thesis about the influence of studying in European cultural centers on the creative achievements of the artists we have considered.